The main factors that affect the driving of the tractor

What are the main factors that affect the driving of a tractor?

The driving force, which is the horizontal reaction force of the road surface to the driving wheel. Therefore, the size of the driving torque Mk transmitted by the internal combustion engine to the driving wheels through the transmission system indicates that the larger the driving force Pk of the tractor is. But since Mk is determined by the power of the internal combustion engine, Pk is also limited by the power of the internal combustion engine. At the same time, Pk is limited by soil conditions and cannot be increased indefinitely, because when the reaction force of the soil, that is, the driving force Pk, increases to a certain level, the soil is destroyed, the driving wheel slips severely, and the driving force Pk cannot be increased any more.

Rolling resistance, the rolling resistance of a tractor, is mainly caused by the deformation of the tires and soil. Under the weight of the tractor, the tires are flattened and the soil is compacted. During the rolling process of the wheel, the parts of the tire that are in contact with the ground along the circumference of the circle are successively flattened and deformed, and the front of the wheel is pressed higher than the soil to deform the soil to form a rut, which prevents the wheel from rolling forward. rolling resistance. There are many factors that affect rolling resistance, mainly related to factors such as the firmness of the ground and the magnitude of the vertical load. Generally speaking, reducing the deformation of the tire itself and the deformation in the vertical direction of the soil is beneficial to reduce the rolling resistance. Since tractors are mainly used for field operations and mostly drive on soft ground, in order to reduce the deformation of the soil in the vertical direction, the low-pressure tires generally used by tractors are also used with widened tires.

Traction resistance, traction resistance is the resistance to be overcome by the tractor to drive the agricultural machinery to operate, which is equal to the traction force transmitted by the tractor to the agricultural machinery through the connecting device. Since traction is equal to driving minus rolling resistance, increasing driving force and reducing rolling resistance is an effective measure to improve traction.

The adhesion performance of the tractor driving wheel, the large adhesion ability between the tractor driving wheel and the ground and the ability to resist skidding are called the adhesion performance of the tractor. If the adhesion performance is good and the slippage is light, the driving torque can be fully utilized, the capability of the internal combustion engine can also be fully utilized, and the tractor will appear vigorous when working. If the adhesion performance is poor and the slippage is serious, the driving torque cannot be fully utilized, the capability of the internal combustion engine cannot be fully exerted, and the tractor appears to be too strong to be used when it is working, or the tractor does not have much energy. Severe slippage of the drive wheel will reduce the tractor's running speed, reduce production and economy, and also accelerate the wear of the drive wheel tires. In addition, the structure of the soil will be damaged.